Personal things include clothing, jewelry, hair, skin, and teeth {personal affairs}. Key, purse, wallet, watch, and other items {personal effects} can be solely for use by person who carries them.
Wood or resin {incense, smell} can burn to make odor.
needles, buttons, and thread {notion}.
People need hygiene, dentist checkup, medical exam, medical supplies, immunization, first aid, and safety {health}.
Dentists {dentistry}| clean teeth, check jaw, check gums, and check teeth every six months and take x-rays once a year. Good dentists know dental history, minimize pain, communicate results, itemize bills, see one patient at a time, require as few visits as possible, and emphasize dental hygiene. Most people need a comprehensive prepaid dental-care plan covering routine, emergency, and major dental problems, including children's orthodontics.
Most people need a regular family doctor {doctor}. A group practice or HMO can monitor doctor work and provide backup services. Most people need a comprehensive prepaid medical-care plan covering routine, emergency, and major medical problems, including vision, such as Kaiser Foundation and other health maintenance organizations (HMO) or Blue Cross and Blue Shield and other major-medical insurance companies.
Be ready for emergencies {emergency}. Place the following telephone numbers near telephone: doctor, poison-control center, pharmacist, police, fire department, and 24-hour ambulance service.
For personal cleanliness {hygiene}, use soft rounded-bristle toothbrush, fluoride toothpaste, hairbrush or comb, soap, and towels.
People need vaccinations {immunization}|, at specific ages.
baby
Combined vaccination for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) is at 2 months, 3 1/2 months, 5 months, 15 months, and 3 years. Vaccination for polio is at 2 months, 3 1/2 months, 5 months, 15 months, and 6 years. Vaccination for measles, mumps, and rubella is at one year.
child
Combined vaccination for tetanus and diphtheria (TD) is at 6 years, 12 years, and then every 10 years. By age 6, people need vaccinations against chickenpox, diphtheria, flu or Streptococcus pneumoniae {pneumococcus}, hepatitis A and B, measles, meningitis or Hemophilus influenzae b (Hib), mumps, pneumonia (PCV), polio, rotovirus, rubella, tetanus, and whooping cough.
adult
Vaccination for mumps is at 12 years. By age 18, women need vaccinations against cervical cancer {human papillomavirus}. By age 18, people need vaccinations against meningitis {meningococcus}.
other
People can have vaccinations against plague, rabies, and anthrax. Travelers can have vaccination against cholera. Smallpox no longer requires vaccination.
Swedish massage {massage}| rubs toward heart, using long pushes. Shiatsu uses finger pressure.
Have the following medical things {medical supplies}.
drugs
Aspirin or acetaminophen is for aches and fever. Sodium bicarbonate is for stomachache. Nose drops are for nasal congestion. Milk of magnesia is a laxative. Kaopectate is for diarrhea. Calamine lotion is for itching. Rubbing alcohol 70% is skin antiseptic for cleaning.
bandages
Plain or plastic-coated gauze bandages, with no medication, are for cuts. Elastic bandages are for joint support and sprains.
packs
Ice pack is for joint and muscle pain and for bleeding. Hot water bottle or heating pad is for muscle aches.
devices
Rectal thermometer or oral thermometer tests for fever. Vaporizer is for nose and sinus congestion. Tweezers with fine points are for splinter removal. Adhesive tape is for bandaging. Big scissors are for bandaging and opening.
manual
First-aid manual is for emergency procedures.
Other teeth can anchor artificial teeth {bridgework} {bridge, teeth}.
String {floss} can scrape teeth and gums between teeth.
Artificial tooth can insert into bone {implant}.
Maintaining calm control, first check for stopped breathing and then for bleeding {first aid}|. Keep person lying down. Keep person warm. Call doctor as soon as possible. Do not move person. To move person out of danger, slide person onto cloth and pull cloth headfirst.
Kits {first-aid kit}| can have bandages, elastic wrap, scissors, tweezers, ice pack, heat pad, thermometer, enema, vaporizer, and first aid manual. Telephone list has numbers for doctor, dentist, pharmacist, police, fire, and poison control center. Pharmaceuticals are aspirin or acetaminophen, milk of magnesia, kaopectate, calamine lotion, rubbing alcohol, and nose drops.
Wash animal or insect bites {animal bite} with water. Relieve itching with Epsom salts, calamine lotion, or baking soda solution. For allergic reactions, keep person still, use fingers or bandage to stop blood flow above sting, and loosen hold every 10 minutes, for one minute. Remove stingers by scraping skin with fingernail, away from bite.
If breathing stops {breathing problem}, put person on his or her back. Remove gum, false teeth, or other objects from mouth and throat. Loosen collar, shirt, and belt. Tilt head back, pull jaw up, and pinch nostrils shut. Put thumb in mouth to hold teeth apart.
Put mouth on person's mouth and blow in {artificial respiration}|. Remove mouth to see if air comes back out. Take breath and then put mouth on person's mouth and blow again. For adults, blow twelve times per minute. For children, blow twenty times per minute. If breathing does not start within five minutes, turn person on side and hit back between shoulder blades several times with heel of hand. Blow again for five minutes and then hit back again, if needed. Continue this procedure until doctor arrives or person begins breathing. Do not stop, because people can live with blown air. Treat for shock after person begins breathing.
Burns {burn} can only redden skin {first-degree burn}. Burns can make blisters {second-degree burn}. Burns can affect skin below epidermis {third-degree burn}.
treatment
Wash minor burns in cool water and put on gauze soaked in 2-tablespoons-in-1-quart baking soda solution or in cool water. For severe burns, cover burn with layers of dry cloth to keep air out. If severely burned person is conscious and does not have nausea, feed solution of 0.5 teaspoon salt and 0.5 teaspoon baking soda in liter of water, every 15 minutes. For severe burns, do not open blisters, do not pull off clothing, and do not put liquids or cotton balls on burns.
If an object in throat blocks breathing {choking}, make person cough. If choking persists, make person lie down on stomach with head below throat, then make fist and strike between shoulder blades. If choking persists, use Heimlich maneuver.
For heat cramps or muscle cramps {cramp}, give salt tablets or salt-water solution. Relieve pain by applying warm wet towels and firm pressure.
Locate voltage source {electric shock}. Using electrical-insulator material, remove contact between source and victim. Treat as for shock after injury.
If a chemical is in eye {eye problem}, flood eye with water immediately and continue rinsing for 30 minutes. If pain persists, rinse longer. If something gets in eye, pull upper eyelid out and then down, over lower eyelid, until tears wash object away. If object is in lower eyelid, pull lower eyelid back and down, and touch particle out with water, cotton swab, or wet cloth tip. If necessary, rinse open eye with lukewarm water.
If low blood flow or low blood pressure in head {fainting}| causes unconscious, lie person on back and raise feet. To prevent fainting, immediately lie down, or sit down and put head between knees, for three minutes to recover fully.
Check for broken bones {fracture} after checking for stopped breathing and bleeding.
types
Fractures can break through skin {compound fracture} {open fracture} or not {closed fracture} {simple fracture}. Bone can have several breaks {comminated fracture}.
symptoms
Swelling, deformity, pain, or tenderness indicate fracture. Skull fractures can have dizziness, unconsciousness, limb paralysis, and/or bleeding from nose, ears, or mouth. Neck or spine fractures can have unconsciousness, little hand or feet sensation, and/or sharp back or neck pain. Hip or thigh fractures can have turned-in foot and/or inability to lift leg. Pelvic fractures can have pain in pelvic area and blood in urine. Rib fractures can have pain in chest.
treatment
Keep person lying down. Loosen collar. Prevent body, head, and back movement. Hold jaw fracture shut with bandage under chin and over head. For collarbone fracture, use arm sling and bandage around chest and upper arm. For rib fracture, use chest bandage around chest. For limb fracture, use thin board, stick, or newspaper {splint} and cloth around limb and splint. For lower leg fracture, elevate leg. For upper arm fracture, use cloth {sling} wrapped from over elbow to wrist and tied around neck. Bandages should not stop blood flow.
If people inhale poison {fumes}, take person to fresh air and then keep person still and warm.
If choking persists, put arms around person from behind and push upward into diaphragm, just above navel and below rib cage, with both fists {Heimlich maneuver}|.
If nose bleeds {nosebleed}, sit down with head leaning back, or lie down with head and shoulders raised. Use fingers to compress nose, typically for 10 minutes. If bleeding continues, put gauze in nostrils and compress for five minutes. Children often have minor nosebleeds. High altitude can cause nosebleed.
The most common over-reaction to high heat {overheating}| is headache, fatigue, and nausea. Worse cases {heat exhaustion, first aid} have heavy perspiration and pale cold skin. Lie person down in a cool place and give one-teaspoon salt in a glass of water, every 30 minutes. The worst condition {heat stroke} {sunstroke} has high body temperature, dizziness, dry skin, headache, rapid pulse, and nausea. Put person in a cool place, remove clothes, sponge with water, or put person in a cold-water tub. If person is conscious, give one-teaspoon salt in a glass of water, every 30 minutes.
If people swallow poisons {poisoning, first aid}, follow directions on container. If person is unconscious and/or has swallowed acid, alkali, kerosene, gasoline, lighter fluid, iodine, or strychnine, give milk as antidote immediately and do not cause vomiting. If you do not know the poison, induce vomiting. Touch throat back with finger, or swallow glass of warm water containing two tablespoons salt. After vomiting, give one or two glasses of milk. Then give universal antidote.
Serious-injury victims can feel weak, have cold skin, be thirsty, be unconscious or faint, have rapid weak pulse, have irregular and shallow breathing, and/or perspire on forehead, palms, and armpits {shock after injury}|. Face is pale, skin is cold, and peripheral pulse is feeble.
causes
Shock can result from blood loss {hypovolemic shock} or heart failure {cardiogenic shock}. High infection level {sepsis, shock} can cause inflammation {septic shock}. Bleeding or internal bleeding {hemorrhaging}, possibly starting after an accident, can cause shock. Sudden vein and artery enlargement after accidents can cause shock.
Capillary permeability increases and blood volume decreases in response to injury. After accident or surgery, blood shunts from skin to organs more essential for survival.
purpose
Shock reduces activity and responsiveness and protects organism from further stimulation.
treatment
People not in shock after injury are likely to go into shock. After injuries, treat shock. Keep person lying down. Raise feet, except for head injury or chest injury. Keep person warm, with one cover under and one cover over, but do not use a heating pad. Loosen clothing. Offer drink of warm water, unless person is unconscious or nauseous.
Non-poisonous snakebites {snakebite} are puncture wounds. Poisonous snakebites have two fang marks. Keep person still. Tie cloth above bite tightly. Lower that body part. Put that part in cold water or ice. If hospital is more than one hour away, cut skin 0.5 inch deep at fang marks and wash out, or suck out and spit out, poison until doctor comes. Swelling and pain indicate poison is still in wound.
Ankle, wrist, or finger sprains {sprain} can cause swelling, pain, tenderness, and/or skin discoloration. Elevate joint. Put on cold wet cloths. Hold still. Use a bandage in case of fracture.
If people fall unconscious {unconsciousness, first aid}, check mouth and throat. Remove gum, false teeth, or other objects. Pull tongue straight if it has curved back. Loosen collar and belt. Do not give fluids.
After vomiting, give a glass of milk. Then give one part tea, one part milk of magnesia, and two parts toast {universal antidote}|.
After checking for stopped breathing, check for bleeding {wound}.
types
Bleeding from arteries is bright red and spurting. Bleeding from veins is darker and constant.
stopping
Stop bleeding using hand or clean cloth to put direct pressure on wound. It requires several minutes. Do not remove cloth, even after bleeding stops. Raise wound above rest of body to slow bleeding.
If bleeding does not slow, press inside upper arm with thumb or press front inner thigh near groin with heel of hand to shut off artery there. If bleeding still does not slow, apply tourniquet bandage: loosen hold every 10 minutes, for one minute.
cleaning
Clean wounds with water. For puncture wounds, encourage bleeding. For scrapes {abrasion, wound}, cuts {incision}, or deep cuts {laceration}, apply hydrogen peroxide solution, if possible, before cleaning wound. Bandage wounds, with no ointment. If no adhesive sterile bandage is available, split cloth ends and tie them.
People can be careful and prepared {safety}.
automobile
Park in lighted public areas. Have escort to car. Check back seat. Lock when leaving and while inside. Roll up windows. Do not stop for hitchhikers. Always tell someone else itinerary and locations. Keep car in working order. Never leave packages visible.
home
Use dead bolt locks at all entrances. Undress away from windows. Use peephole in doors to outside. Ask for identification from visitors. Use initials, not name, on mailbox, door, and telephone book. Use light timers. Do not talk to unknown people on telephones. Use screws to prevent door lifting and blocks to prevent door sliding. Lock garage-door left and right sides. Light house exteriors. Keep inside light on at night. Use double-hung windows, with inserted pin to prevent opening. Keep entrances open to public view. Never leave notes about leaving or returning. Do not hide keys. Engrave valuables. Have alarm systems for fire, fumes, and intruders. Have mail and newspapers picked up while on vacation. Keep shrubbery trimmed.
street
Avoid dark areas. Avoid high-crime areas. Do not enter suspicious places. Wait only in public and lighted areas. Never hitchhike. Be cautious of strangers. Carry purse under arm not over shoulder. Never display valuables. Go to a store or house if anyone bothers you. Scream. Do not confront criminals.
neighborhood
Know normal neighborhood routine and observe neighborhood for unusual activity. Report suspicious activity to police with address, suspect description, action, and vehicle license number.
products
USA Consumer Product Safety Commission sets standards for, or bans, some consumer products. USA District Courts try rule violations that result in injury.
Use locks with a sliding metal piece {dead bolt lock}| at all entrances.
Hit attacker {self-defense against attack} in eyes or ears, on windpipe, on fingertips, in stomach center, on hand back, in groin, on shin, in knee, on foot top, or in ribs.
trying on clothes {fitting}.
glove {gage}.
clothing and fabric {dry goods}.
white cotton or linen sheets and curtains {white goods}.
cloth {yard goods}.
children's overalls {jumpers}.
man's servant uniform {livery}.
civilian clothes {mufti}.
clothing {raiment}.
baby's cotton or linen wrap {swaddling clothes}.
clothes {togs}.
clothes {trappings}.
bride's wardrobe {trousseau}.
two-piece bathing suit {bikini}.
One-piece bathing suits {maillot} can have no straps.
burial cloth {shroud}.
burial cloth {winding-sheet}.
Waist straps {athletic supporter} can have an elastic genital holder.
women's loose underpants down to knees {bloomers}.
Waist wraps {corset}, typically with stays, can pull tight.
baby-bottom covering cloth or wrap {diaper}.
women's sleeping and underwear {lingerie}.
loin covering {loincloth}.
thin loose dressing gown {negligee}.
loose dressing gown {peignoir}.
slip or underskirt {petticoat}.
light nylon underdress {slip}.
underwear {unmentionable}.
curly wool from Astrakhan lambs {astrakhan}.
Scottish wool flat-top caps {balmoral, hat} can have no brim.
Round cloth caps {beanie} can have top button.
tall black fur hat {bearskin}.
beaver-fur top hat {beaver hat}.
round cloth cap {beret}.
light soft brim hat {bonnet}.
Derby or domed hats {bowler} can have a brim.
British military tall fur hat {busby}.
hat {chapeau, hat}.
hat ribbon or rosette {cockade}.
monk's hood {cowl}.
Domed felt hats {derby} can have a small brim.
crown or headband {diadem}.
Soft creased felt hats {fedora} can have a brim.
East-Mediterranean red felt hats {fez} can have a black tassel, flat top, and no brim.
shoulder-length hat cover {havelock}.
Domed dented felt hats {homburg} can have a curled brim.
French military hats {kepi} can have a brim and flat top.
bishop's two-pointed hat {miter}.
Academic flat square hats {mortarboard} can have fitted cloth and top tassel.
tall silk or beaver hat {opera hat}.
plaited American tropical-plant leaf floppy hat {Panama hat}.
hat feather {plume, feather}.
low flat hat with snap-brim {porkpie hat}.
English clergyman's stiff hat {shovel hat} can have a broad brim turned up at sides and projected in front.
light small dome {skullcap}.
wide brimmed soft hat {slouch hat}.
A knitted net {snood} can be over back hair.
Rubber or plastic hats {sou'wester} {southwester} can have a brim down back.
tall silk hat {stovepipe hat}.
soft very wide brim hat {sunbonnet}.
fez {tarboosh}.
Tall hats {top hat} can have a small brim.
top hat {topper}.
Small women's hats {toque} can have no brim.
Asian scarves {turban, hat} can wind around head.
helmet brim {visor}.
Jewish skullcap {yarmulke}.
man's wig [1600 to 1800] {periwig}.
periwig {peruke}.
Thin cloth {veil} can cover face.
mask {vizard}.
white neckband {clerical collar}.
large stiff collar [1800 to 1900] {Eton collar}.
girls' rounded shirt collar {Peter Pan collar}.
Roman Catholic clerical collar {Roman collar}.
high tight collar {turtleneck}, sometimes turned down.
Scarf {babushka} over head can tie under chin.
small colorful headscarf or headband {bandanna}.
Latin-America long wool or linen scarf {rebozo} can be for head and shoulders or for baby.
Square or triangular cloth {scarf} can be for head, neck, or shoulders.
Necktie ends {ascot} can have flat overlapping.
black bow tie {black tie}.
long fur or feather scarf {boa}.
Ties {bow tie} can have a bow in front.
tie {cravat}.
Ties {four-in-hand} can be in slipknot with overlapping ends.
very formal {white tie}.
slipknot, wide, triangular {Windsor knot}, for four-in-hand necktie.
loose bow tie {Windsor tie}.
knit or crochet shoulder cover {afghan, wrap}.
shoulder and back cover {cape, clothing}.
Large triangular scarf {fichu}, over back and shoulders, can fasten in front.
loose sleeveless covering {mantle, clothing}.
pullover shoulder covering {poncho}.
wool poncho {serape}.
wide shoulder scarf {stole}.
loose shirt {blouse}.
upper dress part {bodice}.
Sweaters {cardigan} can have buttons and no collar.
Shirts {dickey} {dicky} can be under jacket or sweater.
Bodices {halter} can tie behind back and neck.
knitted cloth top {jersey, top}.
knitted pullover shirt {polo shirt}.
man's shirt with high collar and cuffs, or woman's tailored blouse or bodice {shirtdress} {shirtwaist}.
undershirt, underpants, or underwear {skivvies}.
t-shirt {sport shirt}.
pullover loose heavy cotton shirt {sweat shirt}.
Sleeveless jackets {vest}, under suit or coat, can have buttons.
vest {waistcoat}.
loose shoulder, for back, front clasp {cloak}.
Arabian long cloak {burnoose}.
Near Eastern tunics {caftan} can have long sleeves.
hooded cloak {capuchin}.
smock {duster}.
monk's robe, smock, or dress {frock}.
Priest's long cassocks {soutane} can have front buttons.
Priest's loose white covering {surplice} can be over cassock.
Roman loose cloth {toga} can drape over and wrap around body.
long blouse, or Greek or Roman loose long shirt {tunic, clothing}.
priest's robe {vestment}.
sports jacket {blazer}.
monk's long jacket {cassock}.
velvet-collared long coat {chesterfield}.
tuxedo {dinner jacket}.
old-style man's tight-fitting jacket {doublet, clothing}.
heavy coat {greatcoat}.
housework smock {housecoat}.
sleeveless short jacket {jerkin}.
heavy wool plaid short coat {mackinaw}.
fur or cloth hooded jacket {parka}.
short heavy wool double-breasted jacket {pea jacket}.
loose short coat or dress {sack coat}.
Soft long jackets {smoking jacket} can have a tie belt.
Shirts {straitjacket} can have long sleeves and wrap around and tie at back.
light coat {topcoat}.
Formal jackets {tuxedo} can have no tail.
zipped nylon jacket {windbreaker}.
long coat [1940 to 1950] {zoot suit}.
British raincoat {mackintosh}.
loose shiny raincoat {slicker}.
Loose belted raincoats {trench coat} can have pockets.
long loose raincoat {ulster}.
Dresses {chemise, dress} can have straight sides.
sleeveless dress or loose dress {jumper}.
Japanese large sleeve robes {kimono} can have a sash.
sleeveless elaborate apron {pinafore}.
India and Pakistan light wrap {sari}.
Malaysian or Indonesian long cloth {sarong} can wrap around body or waist.
tight dress {sheath dress}.
straight dress, slip, or chemise {shift}.
light outer cover {smock}.
wide waist sash {cummerbund}.
kimono sash {obi}.
Shorts {Bermuda shorts} can have length to knee top.
pants {breeches}.
cowboy leather leg coverings {chaps}.
loosely woven cotton twill pants {chino, pants}.
women's skirt-like pants {culottes}.
long skirt and hoop frame {hoopskirt}.
thick cotton pants {jeans}.
Scottish man's tartan skirts {kilt} can have pleats to knees.
Loose pants {knickers} {knickerbockers} can tie below knee.
German short leather pants {lederhosen}.
leg covering {legging}.
trousers {pantaloons}.
Tight women's trousers {pedal pusher} can extend to calves.
knickerbockers, but four inches longer {plus fours}.
lower leg cloth or leather {puttee}.
Loose heavy cotton pants {sweat pants} can have a tie string.
tight fitting body covering {leotard}, for dancers.
nylon hosiery {nylons}.
tight fitting lower-body covering {tights}.
Scottish heavy shoes {balmoral, shoe} can have laces.
Low boots {buskin} can have laces.
Ankle boots {chukka} can have four eyelets.
Spikes {cleat} can be on shoe bottoms.
large heavy shoes {clodhoppers}.
Shoes {clog, shoe} can have a thick sole.
Large-head short nails {hobnail} can be in boot or shoe soles.
inside shoe bottom {insole}.
military boot {jackboot}.
leather shoe with no sole {moccasin}.
Eskimo reindeer or sealskin boots {mukluk} can have no sole.
Slippers {mule, clothing} can have no heel.
Low shoes {oxford} can lace at instep.
Low shoes {pump, shoe} can have with no fasteners.
Shoes {saddle shoe} can have different color across middle.
Wood or plastic frames {snowshoe} can have cross strips.
tall narrow heel {spike heel}.
heel spike {spur, boot}.
sandal with one band {thong}.
Leather strips {welt, shoe} can be between sole and upper.
perforated cover over toe {wingtip shoe}.
Socks {bobby socks} can stop at ankle.
lower leg covering, middle shoe covering, or stretchable or cloth ankle shoes {gaiter}.
upper shoe and ankle covering {spats}.
Cloth pieces {appliqué} can sew onto cloth.
small shoulder bouquet {corsage}.
One front side has double row of buttons and overlaps other side, which has one buttonhole row {double-breasted}.
hole or metal ring {eyelet}.
breast pad {falsie}.
ruffle or decoration {furbelow}.
hosiery suspender {garter}.
sewed line from crotch to inside ankle {inseam}.
slit {placket}.
gown part {train, dress} that falls behind skirt.
Small shiny discs {sequin} can have a center hole.
sequin {spangle}.
leather round genital covering {codpiece}.
crotch cloth {gusset}.
Frames {bustle} can be under skirt backs.
skirt hoop [1500 to 1700] {farthingdale}.
whalebone or metal corset stiffener {stay}.
uniform external shoulder pad {epaulet} {epaulette}.
flat piece {shoulder board} inside uniform shoulder.
Detachable braided cord {shoulder knot} can be around shoulder on commissioned-officer uniforms.
wide at shoulder and narrow at wrist {dolman sleeve}.
short sleeve {sleevelet}.
tapering tuck {dart}.
doubled over fold {pleat}.
flattened pleat or fold {tuck}.
After stitch, needle can go back half stitch {backstitch}, to make overlapping stitches.
temporary long stitches {basting}.
stitch opposite to purl stitch {knit stitch}.
Top thread can interlock with bobbin thread {lockstitch}.
stitch opposite to knit stitch {purl stitch}.
Running stitches {slipstitch} at hems and facings do not penetrate fabric.
Short diagonal needlepoint stitch {petit point} {tent stitch} can make parallel rows to fill space.
stiff lining {crinoline}.
Shrunk cloth {plisse} {plissé} can have crinkles or pleats.
woven edge {selvage}.
starch {sizing}.
curved sides {tailored}.
Woven fabric strips {webbing} can be in seat belts and upholstery.
cloth roll {bolt, cloth}.
loose thread or yarn coil {skein}.
small piece {snippet}.
cloth strip {swatch}.
cloth colored by waxing area, then dyeing, and then removing wax {batik}.
highly decorated cloth {caparison}, typically over harness or saddle.
damask {damascene}.
highly patterned cotton, linen, or silk cloth {damask}.
pointed oval shapes {paisley}.
Knitting can have diamond shapes on dark background color {argyle}.
soft knitted cloth {jersey, cloth}.
Loose fibers can form small clumps {pill, cloth} on knit cloth surface.
knitted silk or rayon cloth {tricolette}.
knitted cloth {tricot}.
Cloth {mail} can have metal loops, rings, or scales.
northern sea duck down {eiderdown}.
swan down, or soft cotton or wool cloth {swansdown}.
Asian plant stalk {jute}.
tropical-tree-fruit silk-like fiber {kapok}.
flax cloth {linen}.
ester polymer {polyester}.
South-Pacific-island paper-mulberry inner-bark cloth {tapa}.
loosely woven cotton cloth infused with glue {buckram}.
loosely woven cotton twill {chino, fabric}.
colored cotton cloth {chintz}.
ribbed cotton cloth {corduroy}.
loosely woven heavy cotton cloth {denim}.
thin stiff cotton cloth {dimity}.
checked light cotton cloth {gingham}.
tight cotton thread {lisle}.
tightly woven patterned cotton cloth {madras}.
Loosely woven heavy cotton twill cloth {moleskin} can have sheared suede-like nap.
thick light yellow cotton cloth {nankeen}.
tightly woven cotton cloth {percale}.
long soft cotton {pima cotton}.
satin-like cotton cloth {sateen}.
loosely woven stiff starched cotton muslin cloth {tarlatan}.
Thick cotton cloth {terry cloth} can have cotton loops.
velvet-like cotton cloth {velveteen}.
silkworm cocoon fiber {silk}.
soft satiny lightweight silk cloth {messaline}.
Silk cloth {moiré} can have watermarks or waves.
tightly woven glossy cloth {satin}.
heavy bumpy silk cloth {shantung}.
sheep hair {wool}.
matted wool cloth {felt}.
soft wool cloth {flannel}.
heavy worsted twill cloth {prunelle cloth} {prunella cloth}.
worsted wool twill cloth {serge}.
Wool cloth {velvet} can have smooth side and cut-pile side.
never before used wool {virgin wool}.
Soft shiny thick wool cloth {zibeline} {zibelline} can have nap or sable skin.
South-American llama-like mammal wool {alpaca wool}.
Angora goat or rabbit hair {angora}.
Asian goat wool {cashmere}.
special-sheep soft light wool {merino}.
Angora-goat soft hair {mohair}.
Shetland Island sheep wool {Shetland wool}.
goat and camel hair {vicuna}.
South American llama-like mammal wool {vicuna wool}.
Loose worsted wool yarn {crewel} can be for embroidery.
Loosely woven wool cloth {tweed} can typically have more than one color.
tightly woven, heavy, wool cloth {melton}.
tightly twisted long wool fibers {worsted}.
deer leather {buckskin}.
European mountain-goat leather {chamois}.
soft leather {cordovan}.
goat leather {morocco}.
shiny hard leather {patent leather}.
pig leather {pigskin}.
raw cow skin {rawhide}.
shark leather {sharkskin}.
Leather {suede} can have nap.
embroidery {crewelwork}.
Needlework can have thread loops using hooks {crochet}.
needlework {embroidery}.
yarn hooked into canvas {needlepoint}.
embroidery {needlework}.
embroidered cloth {sampler}.
cloth infused with clay and oil {oilcloth}.
cloth infused with oil {oilskin}.
waterproofed canvas {tarpaulin, fabric}.
double threads interlace in checked pattern {basket weave}.
Light cloth {bunting, cloth} can be for flags, or cloth strips can be for decoration.
jute, flax, or hemp cloth {burlap}.
finely woven linen or cotton cloth {cambric}.
Cotton, worsted wool, or silk string {chenille} can have tufts.
cotton, worsted wool, or rayon twill {gabardine}.
burlap {gunny}.
small broken or jagged checks {houndstooth check}.
cloth with metal threads {lamé}.
twisted and knotted cords {macramé}.
wool, wool and cotton, or cotton cloth with glossy or moiré finish {moreen}.
cloth or leather surface fuzz {nap}.
stiff light cotton or silk cloth {organdy}.
Carpet or towel surface loops {pile, fabric} can be cut or uncut.
Dark cloth can have thin white vertical stripes {pinstripe}.
tartan or checked pattern {plaid}.
ribbed cloth {poplin}.
Tightly woven small thread translucent cloth or mesh {scrim} can soften harsh light.
random small stars, crosses, and the like {powdered} {seme}.
Flat braided cords {sennit} can be on ships.
coarse nap cloth or carpet {shag}.
soft porous cloth {honeycomb weave} {sponge cloth}.
shiny light silk, rayon, or nylon cloth {taffeta}.
Horizontal and vertical stripes can be on background color {tartan}.
Centimeter-size checks can cross colored lines on background {tattersall}.
thin open weave pattern {lace}.
Lace {tatting} can be hand-made from one thick thread.
floral bobbin lace {Valenciennes lace}.
Loosely woven cloth {calico} can have many-colored designs.
loosely woven heavy cotton, hemp, or flax cloth {canvas}.
loosely woven hard cloth {sack cloth}.
Thick fabric {brocade} can have raised design.
Thick curtain cotton or linen cloth {cretonne} can have no glaze.
loosely woven thick cloth {fustian}.
thick heavy zigzag pattern {herringbone}.
thick medium woven cloth {muslin}.
soft thick heavier cotton cloth {oxford cloth}.
thick deep pile {plush}.
Loosely woven thick cloth {ratiné} can be from twisted thick and thin yarn {ratiné yarn}.
thick heavy twill {woven twill} {twill, woven}. Woven twill is heavier than pinpoint or broadcloth (same as oxford) with some pattern.
Velvet-like cloth {velour} can have nap.
thin cotton or linen cloth {batiste}.
lightweight (same as pinpoint and lighter than oxford), smooth (smoother than pinpoint) cloth with no pattern {broadcloth}.
thin silk or rayon cloth {chiffon}.
thin silk, cotton, or wool cloth {crepe, cloth}.
lighter, smoother, finer oxford {pinpoint oxford} {pinpoint}.
thin crinkled cloth with vertical stripes {seersucker}.
thin transparent silk or cotton muslin {tiffany}.
thin linen or cotton twill cloth {toile}.
thin starched silk, rayon, or nylon netting {tulle}.
lightweight (lighter than oxford, pinpoint, or broadcloth), smooth cloth {twill, regular}.
thin cotton, rayon, wool, or silk cloth {voile}.
Lens {monocle}, on chain, can be for one eye socket.
eyeglasses with handle {lorgnette}.
small binoculars {opera glass}.
eyeglasses squeezed onto nosebridge {pince-nez}.
hair combed down forehead and cut straight across {bangs}.
hair teased and puffed {bouffant}.
hair curled and held on head top {bun}.
back hair knot {chignon}.
coiffure {coif}.
styled hair {coiffure}.
hair cut short {crew cut}.
short hair on top held straight up and cut flat {flat top}.
hair cut at same height around head {page boy}.
Hair can hold together by inner glue. Hair has outside layer {epicuticle}, which has no glue. Thioglycolate solution softens glue, to allow hair reshaping by wrapping hair around rollers held by pins {perm} {permanent wave}|. Chemicals {neutralizer} re-harden glue. After drying, you remove rollers. Bleached and dyed hair loses some epicuticle and is easier to perm. Children's hair and thin hair do not have enough inside hair material to set hair well.
Hair grows straight if it has circular cross-section but curls if it has oval cross-section. Hair grows 15 to 30 centimeters each year.
hair brushed back from forehead {pompadour}.
monks' shaved head {tonsure}.
hairpiece {toupee}.
hair in a point at forehead center {widow's peak}.
intertwined hair strands {braid}.
Tightly braided hair strands {pigtail} can have a bow or ribbon at tip.
braid {plait}.
pointed hair down from chin {goatee}.
upper-lip hair {mustache}.
Triangular whiskers {muttonchop} can have apex at temple and base along cheek.
Short beards {Vandyke} can have sides sloping to a point.
charm against injury {amulet}.
Small stone can have a relief in different color {cameo, jewelry}.
watch chain or ribbon {fob}.
valuable object inherited from ancestors {heirloom}.
Stones can look like black beetles {scarab}.
metal central circle and rays {sunburst}.
small crown or metal headband {coronet}.
small jeweled crown {tiara}.
gem in thin rectangle shape {baguette, gem}.
gemstone for birth month {birthstone}.
shiny glass {paste}.
hair clamp {barrette}.
Wire bent in middle until ends meet {bobby pin} can slide over hair.
pin or clasp {brooch}.
ankle bracelet {anklet}.
bracelet, anklet, or hanging earring {bangle}.
Necklaces {choker} can fit tightly around neck.
necklace pendant {lavaliere}.
Hawaiian flower necklace {lei}.
small necklace case {locket}.
Objects {pendant, jewelry} can hang from necklaces.
witch-hazel bark alcohol extract {witch-hazel, solution}.
mole {beauty spot}.
chin depression {cleft}.
eyelash color {mascara}.
red powder {rouge, makeup}.
clipping and polishing fingernails {manicure}.
clipping and polishing toenails {pedicure}.
cosmetic or grooming item {toiletry}.
water poured over body part {douche}.
hair ointment {pomade}, typically with perfume.
Aromatic balls or flowered round balls {pomander ball} can have a ribbon.
perfumed powder {toilet powder}.
perfumed soap {toilet soap}.
Mixed oil and water {cold cream} can be for skin cleaning and softening.
actor makeup {greasepaint}.
Black mustard and plaster {mustard plaster} can soothe or rub.
thick oil {ointment}.
mineral oil and wax from petroleum {petroleum jelly}.
Cream {vanishing cream} can cover blemishes.
petroleum jelly {Vaseline}.
Thick oil can contain zinc {zinc ointment}.
laurel leaf in alcohol {bay rum}.
perfume oil, alcohol, water {cologne, perfume}.
Asian deer excretions {musk, perfume} can be in perfume.
Asian or African tree gum {myrrh}.
small southeast-Asian mint shrub leaf aromatic oil {patchouli} (Pogostemon cablin).
rose-petal water extract {rose water}.
cologne {toilet water}.
chewing tobacco {plug, tobacco}.
marijuana cigarette {reefer}.
powdered tobacco {snuff}, for sniffing.
chewing tobacco {twist, tobacco}.
cylinder with flat ends {cheroot}.
long thin cigar {cohiba}.
straight-side cigar {corona}.
irregularly shaped cigar {figurado}.
Parejo cigar {panatela}, longer and thinner than Corona, can include cohibas.
straight-side cigar {pareja}.
Cigars {perfecto} can be narrow at ends and wide in middle.
used cigar {stogie}.
long ceremonial pipe {calumet}.
Wires {pipe cleaner} can have fuzz, to ream pipe stem and wipe pipe bowl.
small object {trinket}.
trinket {bauble}.
trinket {bibelot}.
small highly decorated or worked trinket {bijou}.
small objects {bric-a-brac}.
art object {curio}.
human skull {death's head}.
twisted gold or silver wire {filigree}.
rosary {prayer beads}.
165 dried rolled petals are prayer beads {rosary}.
short royal staff {scepter}.
Open shelves {whatnot shelf} can be for small objects.
holly or leaf circle {wreath, leaves}.
large wood fireplace log {Yule log}.
openable cover against rain {umbrella}.
light small umbrella against sunlight {parasol}.
Outline of Knowledge Database Home Page
Description of Outline of Knowledge Database
Date Modified: 2022.0225